why does holden write the composition for stradlater

Lexical transformations are also caused by necessity to concretize a word while translating. To respect, whenever possible, all the syntax and lexical repetitions, shoot the bull = telling lies, small talk. Accessed 4 Mar. Translation must take into account a number of constraints, including context, the rules of grammar of the two languages, their writing conventions, and their idioms. They used to live near each other and hung out over the summer, Holden really liked her. Then if he does it, he does it his way. Why? What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? Intralinguistic transfer can also be illustrated by stylistic differentiation. It was the first time an author, dared to tell it how it really is and tried to open America's eyes to understand the thoughts of a typical adolescent teenager. The well-known representatives of this period are Ernest Hemingway with his writings The Sun Also Rise and A Farewell to Arms.. The object of this research paper can be considered as one that gives the detailed review of the translation difficulties. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Translation difficulties and lexical pecularities are the main points of an analyses. Holden breaks down in tears, and his sister tries to console him. Translation of these words depends on the context, which helps to identify their concrete meaning. In this case, the provided solutions are not the explanation of the sense of phraseologisms that, in the compilers intentions, should serve to translate them into the other language. The Romanian version tends to add words or phrases to the TT. Jargon, like many examples of slang, may be used to exclude nongroup members from the conversation, but in general has the function of allowing its users to talk precisely about technical issues in a given field. Do you know why Holden agrees with Stradlaters demand to write for him a composition? The author wanted to show that with a kind of symbols, like religion or loneliness, life can be happy: a better life is possible. Theyre nice and all Im not saying that but. He is a nonconformist. assignments. In. To present the main features of the Modernist Period; To point out all the aspects that influenced the writer J. D. Salinger to write the prominent work The Catcher in the Rye. It is therefore unrealistic to expect to find equivalent idioms and expressions in the target language as a matter of course.[17:p45]. What books were you made to read in school that you hated? With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. In The Catcher in the Rye, why does Holden like Mercutio (from Romeo and Juliet) so much? Throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger obtain numerous symbols that persist in the book. The first point that would be discussed in this thesis is Lexical peculiarities which are one of the main characteristic of the defining the main features of the text. Other metaphors are occasionally constructed in individual speech. The ducks vanish every winter, but they return every spring, thus symbolizing change that isn't permanent, but cyclical. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. Attempting to remedy this, Bethany K. Dumas and Jonathan Lighter argue that an expression should be considered "true slang" if it meets at least two of the following criteria: It is probably caused by conversion and easiness in formation of new words in various ways, heterogeneity of languages vocabulary and some other reasons. Scholars Ellipsis involves the omission of an item. Id just be the catcher in the rye and all(Salinger 98). The stylistic changes are as necessary as grammatical or lexical ones. Holden insults him some more, and Stradlater finally leaves the room. The fame of Salinger grew very much at Eighties, when it appeared a lot of articles and comments about The Catcher in the Rye: one critic said that this novel was satanic. Nobodys being different. Michael Cart, "Famous Firsts. In Chapter 22, just before he reveals his fantasy of the catcher in the rye, Holden explains that adults are inevitably phonies, and, what's worse, they can't see their own phoniness. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST.. Most of the novel describes his almost manic quest for companionship as he flits from one meaningless encounter to another. It wouldnt come off. All Rights Reserved. He asked him to write him a descriptive essay. Little things, such as his interest with the ducks in central park and the glass cases in the museum were not just put in to the story to fill pages, it has meaning behind it. His brother Allie's (died from leukemia) baseball glove which had poems written all over it in green ink to read while out in the field. Lexical cohesion is a relation that exists between or among specific elements of different sentences in a text and is achieved through the vocabulary. . In New Zealand there was a book called Pounamu Pounamu by Witi Ihimaera. Allie is a special person to Holden because of his intelligence and kindness, When Holden accepted the favor of writing Stradlater's composition, Holden has also accepted an obstacle in his time during his stay in Pencey Prep. It is probably significant that Holden sells his typewriter to Frederick Woodruff before leaving Pencey. It is clear in the early chapters,. Romanian translation used either obsolete or dialectal / regional words and expressions (or both) through out the novel and this can point out an obvious difference of language use between generations. Stradlater is a "Yearbook" kind of handsome guy. After a dry and unappetizing steak dinner in the dining hall, Holden gets into a snowball fight with some of the other Pencey boys. Stuff, in reference to one's privates. In this chapter it would be tried to focus on drawing a link between some general translation theories and the analysis of Romanian versions of Salingers novel, considering the general overview in this chapter a link or a starting point for the case study in the last chapter. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. Who is Selma Thurmer, and why did Holden like her? 20% Catcher Ch 3-5 questions Flashcards | Quizlet The semantics of a word reflects different signs of the subject and the relation of its meanings to other objects it denotes. Salinger uses symbols to show the turning point of the characters lives. Focused on some of Holdens linguistic repetitions and their importance, as well as on Salingers humor and comic effects and their renditions in the two versions. elements of grammar, which Popovic sees as being a higher category than lexical equivalence. Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. People often are not themselves clear on whether they are arguing for or explaining something. Theyre quite touchy about anything like that, especially my father. Holden clearly still feels Allies loss strongly. In many of Salingers works loneliness is used to isolate characters from evil. Allie's Baseball Mitt - eNotes.com He just got a Jaguar. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Because Holden depends on his isolation to preserve his detachment from the world and to maintain a level of self-protection, he often sabotages his own attempts to end his loneliness. Holden has isolated himself in an attempt to be his own savior, but Mr. Antolini's image of falling presents a more accurate image of what awaits Holden on the other side of the cliff. It thus reveals the weaknesses of Holden's romantic outlook. I'll bet I woke up every bastard on the whole floor. Louis Menand agrees, writing in The New Yorker that Salinger "stopped writing stories, in the conventional sense. He seemed to lose interest in fiction as an art formperhaps he thought there was something manipulative or inauthentic about literary device and authorial control." Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. Equally surprising is Holdens willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. Use of contractions: youll, dont, theyre, thats, isnt, hes. We could think that The Catcher in the Rye is next to the classical humour (for example, two Mark Twai`s works: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. This is a people shooting hat, I said. The conclusion is that the Romanian translation played an innovatory role and an influential one in the literary system of the native country by breaking the norms of the TL, in order to render the stylistic qualities of the ST, and by introducing the use of slang language into Romanian, as a new and alternative means of expression. He does not want to grow up and become phony like all the adults. He says he would like to protect the children from falling off the edge of the cliff by catching them if they were on the verge of tumbling over. It should be discussed cases of linguistic inconsistency in the Romanian version, such as the rendition of intonational stress. We are lucky to present you. The first time period was during World War II, and the second time period was during the 1960s. Its hopeless, anyway. The first problem is related to reading and comprehension ability in the source language. Holdens actions are inconsistent with his opinions, but instead of making him seem like a hypocrite, this makes him more likable: he is kind to Ackley without commenting on it, and he shows himself capable of going to the movies with his friends like a normal teenager. Latest answer posted November 15, 2019 at 6:03:44 PM. J. D. Salinger with his well-known work The Catcher in the Rye is also one of the main representatives of this literature. I have a feeling that you're riding for some kind of terrible, terrible fall. As he says to Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on the other side of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn't belong. (Salinger 201). One of the most important translation difficulties is grammatical translation difficulties which is the hardest one in the identification and in the same time which change the structure and the meaning of the words from the source text into target text. In contextual usage of a word in poetry or prose often point to the authors penetration into the depth of the words semantic structure. He fought in war. These two criterias identify the needs for a good knowledges in English in some of its branches of science. ), and "cultural untranslatability," (idioms, sayings, proverbs, jokes, puns, etc.). Transposition, thats, change of structure of the sentence may be caused by several reasons. Stradlater wanted holden to write it but he did not want to write it. He wants everything to be easily understandable and eternally fixed, like the statues of Eskimos and Indians in the museum. This is a case of leaving something unsaid which is nevertheless understood. The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let go of his past nor of innocence. It is significant that in the final sentence Holden uses the second-person pronoun you instead of the first-person me. It seems to be an attempt to distance him from the inevitable process of change. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. The second reason, causing lexical difficulties to translation is the difference in the semantic volume of a word. A major theme and also strong influence concerns the war and the army life present throughout his short stories, especially during and after his participation in the Second World War. In fact, Holdens reactions to his adventure are more significant than the adventure itself. Instead of paying attention to the game, he would write poetry on his glove while playing the outfield. [18]. This is what Newmark calls "service translation.". In any language there exists generally accepted tradition of word combinations, which do not coincide with the corresponding tradition of word combinations in the other languages. . Rev. Some have argued that Salinger's tale of the human condition is fascinating and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. In this case the translator will face many difficulties. Both physical and emotional relationships offer Holden opportunity to break out of his isolated shell. In the theory of translation, this type of code switching is called atransformation. A large number of idioms in English, and probably all languages, have both a literal and an idiomatic meaning. Phoniness, for Holden, stands as an emblem of everything that's wrong in the world around him and provides an excuse for him to withdraw into his cynical isolation. This offends Stradlater, who refuses to answer. Nothing. The topic of the composition is to describe a room or a house; however, describing something meaningful only leads to . In other words, in ellipsis an item is replaced by nothing. Lexical peculiarities - are the techniques, methods, elements used by the author that are characteristic for the Modernist Period; Translation difficulties are the problem that appear during the process of translation from the cause that the author uses different meaning of the words and some types of translation difficulties that are specific for such process. Modernist literature often features a marked pessimism, a clear rejection of the optimism apparent in Victorian literature. First and foremost, Stradlater strikes Holden as a "hotshot," which in his lexicon is another word for "phony.". So this book supposed a big phenomenon of sales during Fifties and Sixties; but today, in the XXI century, catch more supporters and it is still editing, there are a lot of editions in different languages. This is not possible. Catcher in the Rye - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com In conclusion, there are countless symbols in The Catcher in the Rye. They argued that Salinger's concerns represented an entire generation of American youth, frustrated by the phoniness of the world, just like Holden was. cite it. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Essential Quotes by Character: Holden Caulfield. When his parents return home, Holden slips out and visits his former and much-admired English teacher, Mr. Antolini, who expresses concern that Holden is headed for "a terrible fall". This ungrammatical usage emphasizes the disillusionment Holden feels because almost no one sees the world like he does-he constantly has to reassure him that others would do the same thing or feel the same way. Phraseologisms or expressions that would aspire at becoming so are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. It's ironic because Stradlater is a good student, and Holden is being kicked out of school for failing. Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him,who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive Holden questions why he should still be here, when he brother, who was smarter and kinder than him should be dead.One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. 10 minutes with: The Importance of Stradlater's Composition in the Catcher in the Rye, Explore how the human body functions as one unit in harmony in order to life //= $post_title I tried to rub it off with my hand again, but this one was scratched on, with a knife or something. Every word in a language carries some concrete notion. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are He is best known for his book, Catcher in the Rye, a book about a seventeen-year-old teenager, struggling through his teenager years, falling into a depression and trying to understand the real world. The Catcher in the Rye: Chapter 6 Summary & Analysis So it is the central. This first type of difficulty is the task of distinguishing between a use of a word as a specialized term and its use as a word of general vocabulary. For example attempts to justify a theft usually explain the motives (e.g., to feed a starving family). A) because he often drinks and drives B) because he views her as a sexual conquest C) because he has another girlfriend D) because he will likely make her pay her own way B) because he views her as a sexual conquest 300 Does Holden really dislike Stradlater? burlesque examples in catcher in the rye burlesque examples in catcher in the rye . Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. This can be done on diachronic level: Chaucers text is translated into modern English. Once the expression is identified, the next problem consists in decoding it. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. They also include expressions which seem ill-formed because they do not follow the grammatical rules of the language. Though he continues to complain about Ackley, the sympathy he feels for his next-door neighbor is evident when he convinces Mal Brossard to let Ackley join them at the movies. What does this reveal about Holden? Rev. . He had lost his athletic scholarship and could not afford tuition. http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html; http://www.scribd.com/doc/9711270/the-Catcher-in-the-Rye-1945-De-Veghe-in-Lanul-de-Secara-Jdsalinger. The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. As it turns out, Ackley and Brossard have already seen the film, so the trio simply eats some burgers, plays a little pinball, and heads back to Pencey. Idiomatic and fixed expressions have individual collocational patterns. And this features enables the translator to use his creativity in translation. Or the time when Holden's roommate Stradlater was not satisfied with the composition he asked Holden to write and Holden reacted to it. Here will be discussed the impact Salinger had, and still has, on writers worldwide. Stylistic (translational) equivalence, where there is `functional equivalence of elements in both original and translation aiming at an expressive identity with an invariant of identical meaning'. Its possible that Salinger has a very negative view of the world; the author thinks that the research of happiness is based on 3 important elements: religion, loneliness and symbolism. The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions,. The conclusion is that although such cases of suppression or censure of the ST are not desirable or should never happen, in reality they do exist (and this chapter has offered some examples in point), but the fact that more and more people take interest in such situations may indicate that they may stop occurring in the future. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. That's a deer shooting hat.. He doesn't say yes directly because he doesn't want to write it for him. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only does it . The Ducks vanish every winter, but they return every spring. He asks Holden to write a composition for him for English. Most translation theorists agree that translation is understood as a transfer process from a foreign languageor a second languageto the mother tongue. Those are the statements given to us by the Declaration of Independence. Every statement made about the work by a reader of the translation should also be true of the original text. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. Lotman describes literature and art in general as a secondary modelling systems, as an indication of the fact that they are derived from the primary modelling system of language, and declares as firmly as Sapir or Whorf that `No language can exist unless it is stepped in the context of culture; and no culture can exist which does not have at its centre, the structure of natural language.' The characters can only become happy if they isolate themselves from this society. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. [11:p 65]. Stylistic device that was used in the novel The Cather in the Ray written by J. D. Salinger is peculiar use of set expression which was used in the form of quotations the quotation could be easily identify in some chapters of the novel. It was tried to achieve this aim by centering on the case study of comparing and analyzing in detail the differences and similarities, the gains and the losses that have occurred both in the English and in the Romanian versions. CLXXXVIII, No. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Holden mean when he says, "Don't ever tell anybody anything. J. D. Salinger is one of the main representatives of the Modern literature which is experimented with a wide variety of new approaches and techniques, producing a remarkably diverse body of literature. It is as if the mitt fills a void in Holden or gives him comfort when the hole becomes unbearable. A word is judged to be polysemous if it has two senses of the word whose meanings are related. This is not possible. 48 Vitosha Boulevard, ground floor, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg. how my parents were occupied and all []. But if you get on the other side, where there aren't any hot-shots, then what's a game about it? The word kid is one of the numerous words which is used in the context with all his meanings such as Ackley kid? Does Mr. Antolini really make a pass at Holden? What Do You Think Old Spencer Symbolize The Catcher In The Rye? - StudyMode The red hunting hat is one of the most recognizable symbols from twentieth-century American literature. Although he encounters opportunities for both physical and emotional intimacy, he bungles them all, wrapping himself in a psychological armor of critical cynicism and bitterness. London: Penguin Books Ltd., 1994; Stern, James. The practical chapter will single out examples of translation difficulties from the sourse language English and target language Romanian. . The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST. American characteristic of the languages ability to adapt nouns into adjectives and nouns into adverbs (usually by adding a letter), which is, unfortunately, not possible in Romanian and thus the translators had to find suitable translation adaptation methods since our languages grammatical patterns do not allow similar adaptations. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and. Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. They are sometimes called dead metaphors. Salinger's portrayal of Holden, which includes incidents of depression, nervous breakdown, impulsive spending, sexual exploration, vulgarity, and other erratic behavior, have all attributed to the controversial nature of the novel. Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas).

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